India’s Population Growth: Economical Advantages and Disadvantages

In 2023, India surpassed China to become the world’s largest population It was the first time that India overtook China in population size since 1950 when the UN first started to keep a record of populations. Now it is India that has the largest population in the country (Ellis-Petersen).

With a staggering population of 1,425,775,850, India is facing both advantages and disadvantages of population growth (Ellis-Petersen). According to The Guardian, the average age in India is 29, and the country’s youth population is expected to grow for the next two decades, providing the opportunity to boost the economy of India (Ellis-Petersen). The population growth in India also has an impact on the world’s economy as many potential workers can work in major firms to provide goods and services. Similarly, India has been acknowledged as an important player on the world stage in recent years. For example, in 2023, India is anticipated to lead the charge on the G20, while there may also be a possibility to gain a permanent seat on the U.N Security Council (Rajvanshi). The country is also bringing in international mega corporations such as Apple, allowing their manufacturing factories to be built in the small cities in the country, which can result in the technological development of the small cities in India and an increase in the employment rate(Rajvanshi). Moreover, increased manufactured supplies in factories in India of international corporations allows more people to buy their products, circulating the economy .

However, India is facing an unemployment burden due to the growing population. According to Time, many young people in India choose to rest, or rely on their families rather than work as the government does not provide enough investment in education and employment (Rajvanshi). As such, their current unemployment rate is around 7 to 8%, which has increased 5 to 6% from 2021 (Rajvanshi). Many experts believe that India will need to create more than 90 million jobs by 2030 (Rajvanshi).